Living Area: Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, Northeast provinces, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Gansu , Qinghai , Ningxia Autonomous Region, Hebei , Henan , Yunnan , Beijing

Population: over 4.8 million

Language: Mongolian

History: Since the 7 th century (Tang Dynasty), Mongolian tribes have lived along Wangjian River . In the 12 th century, a head united all the Mongolian tribes and established Mongolian Kingdom , himself known as Genghis Khan. Later on, the emperor conquered the kingdoms of west area and set up four dependent states. His grandson Kublai Khan established Yuan Dynasty and united the whole country similar as the present territory.

Residence: Mongolian yurt is a typical dwelling house in the grassland of Inner Mongolia . It is a vaulted tent with a round dome and peak. The frame of yurt is formed by wooden poles fastened with leather thongs and studs. Every yurt has an opening on the top, which provides light and ventilation. 

Ethnic Costume: Due to their natural conditions, Mongolian costume consists of robe with loose sleeves and high collars, long sash, boots and head-dress. The robe can be made of silk, satin or cotton cloth. The head-dress has beautiful patterns with agate, pearls, coral, jadeites, gem, gold and silver.

Diet: As a nationality on the horseback, Mongolians are fond of koumiss (drink made from fermented mare's milk), roast mutton and mutton eaten with fingers. Koumiss is one of the eight Mongolian treasures.

Festival: Nadam is a traditional Mongolian fair, which is held in July and August annually. People participate in horse racing, archery, wrestling, singing and dancing with holiday best.